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How to Read Guitar Chord Diagrams

Those little grids of dots are just a photo of the fretboard. Learn the five symbols and you can play any chord someone hands you.

by Maximus · The Cosmic Funk · 5 min read

Maximus

A chord diagram is a little photograph of your fretboard, frozen mid-groove. Crack the code and you can teach yourself any chord in the known universe, no teacher, no app, just you and the map. Here's the key.

The Grid Is Your Neck, Stood Up

Picture the guitar standing upright, facing you. The vertical lines are the six strings; the horizontal lines are the frets. The thick line across the top is the 'nut'. The very start of the neck.

KEY IDEA

Strings run low-to-high, left-to-right

The leftmost vertical line is your thickest string (low E); the rightmost is your thinnest (high E). It's as if you stood the guitar up and looked straight at its face.

The five things to read:

  1. 1Dots — where to put your fingers (which string, which fret).
  2. 2Numbers inside the dots (sometimes), which finger to use (1=index … 4=pinky).
  3. 3O above a string — play it open (don't fret it).
  4. 4X above a string — don't play that string at all.
  5. 5A curved line or a fret number to the side. A barre, or which fret the grid starts on.
×C
A C chord: X on the low E, dots on the A/D/B strings, open G and high E.
Maximus

That's the whole language, cosmic traveler. Every chord book and napkin scribble on Earth uses it. Read the dots, place your fingers, and boom. You're playing a chord you've literally never heard. Magic you do with your hands.

Your turn ⭐

★ POP QUIZ

Name That Chord

Read the diagram. Round 1 of 5.

×

The cheat sheet

  • A chord diagram is the fretboard stood upright: vertical lines = strings, horizontal = frets.
  • Left to right is thickest to thinnest string (low E to high E).
  • Dots = fingers, O = open string, X = don't play.
  • Numbers in dots tell you which finger (1=index to 4=pinky).

Common questions

Which way do the strings go on a chord diagram?

Left to right = thickest to thinnest (low E to high E). Imagine standing the guitar up and looking straight at the front of the neck.

What do the X and O above the diagram mean?

O means play that string open (unfretted); X means don't play (mute or skip) that string. Together they tell you exactly which strings belong in the chord.

Do I have to use the exact fingers shown?

The finger numbers are strong suggestions that make switching easier, but if a different finger gets the note clean and lets you change chords, that's fine while you're starting out.